Learn about Pangaea, Earth's most recent supercontinent, its formation, breakup, and the role it played in shaping our planet's geological history.

Plate tectonics might be key to life on Earth – and why we have not found it anywhere else Stay up to date with notifications from The Independent Notifications can be managed in browser ...

The lithosphere is Earth's outermost layer, composed of the crust and the upper part of the mantle. The layer is divided into chunks called tectonic plates.

The Earth's plates jostle about in fits and starts that are punctuated with earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. 4 min read There are a few handfuls of major plates and dozens of smaller, or minor ...

The tectonic plates making up the rigid shell of the Earth are always moving, impacting life on our planet in various ways.. These huge plates may move slowly, but they create many of the Earth ...